SKOCH Summit
Economy & Finance
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India’s development trajectory is unfolding amid a rapidly evolving geopolitical and geoeconomic environment marked by global power shifts, supply chain realignments, technological disruption and climate stress. In this context, governance has emerged as the decisive factor shaping sustainable, resilient and inclusive growth.
Domestically, India’s federal paradigm is undergoing a significant transformation, with states assuming a more strategic role in driving economic outcomes. States are increasingly at the forefront of attracting investment, developing infrastructure, skilling, urbanisation, and delivering social services. Competitive federalism is evolving into a collaborative, performance-oriented framework.
India’s journey towards becoming a developed nation will ultimately be determined by how effectively its states govern, innovate and deliver in an increasingly complex global order.
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India’s journey toward Viksit Bharat 2047 must marry ambition with analytical clarity. Anchored in the Prime Minister’s vision of Amrit Kaal, this framework sets out a quantified, evidence-based pathway to a USD 20-30 trillion economy.
It links the drivers of growth - capital formation (GFCF), efficiency (ICOR) and total factor (TFP) productivity - to rising per-capita incomes through a robust macro-economic model. Central to this vision is the Tokenised Rupee Debt Instrument (TRDI), a regulated innovation that tokenises sovereign debt to deepen domestic capital markets and enhance fiscal and external resilience of additional long-term GDP growth.
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Marking 25 years of Prime Minister Narendra Modi in public office, ModiNomics – A Journey of Inclusive Growth offers a definitive account of his governance and economic philosophy. From Jan Dhan to Ujjwala, Swachh Bharat to Digital India, it explores how millions were brought into the mainstream of development with speed and scale.
The book examines both the vision and the outcomes—financial inclusion, welfare delivery, infrastructure, and digital empowerment—that have shaped India’s transformation. It asks the vital question: has Modi delivered on the promise of inclusive growth, and how far has India travelled on this journey?
Accessible yet analytical, this is not only a chronicle of policy innovations but also a verdict on their impact. A compelling read for policymakers, scholars, business leaders, and citizens alike, ModiNomics captures India’s story of ambition, resilience, and inclusive progress under Modi’s leadership.
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“Intersections of Democracy: Federalism, Finances & Development” will convene leaders, experts, and practitioners to deliberate on how India’s democratic institutions are evolving to meet the challenges of the 21st century. The conference will explore the dynamic interplay between federal structures, fiscal policies, and development priorities, emphasizing their role in shaping inclusive and sustainable growth.
As India charts its path towards 2047, questions of financial resilience, equitable development, and cooperative federalism become ever more critical. This dialogue offers a platform for sharing perspectives, best practices, and policy innovations that can strengthen governance and empower communities. By bringing together diverse stakeholders from across government, academia, and industry, the summit seeks to foster meaningful conversations and actionable insights for building a stronger, more resilient democracy.
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The 100th SKOCH Summit focused on overhauling India’s regulatory and legal frameworks to drive inclusive and sustained economic growth. The session "An Agenda for Reforms" addressed the burden of excessive compliance, outdated colonial-era laws, and the need for structural regulatory change. Experts emphasized eliminating litigation-prone provisions, reducing compliance costs, and creating a more predictable, business-friendly environment. Successful state-level reforms from Haryana, Tamil Nadu, and others were showcased as models.
The session on "Sizing & Regulating the Digital Economy" examined how to accurately measure India's rapidly expanding digital landscape and design adaptive regulations. It highlighted the limitations of traditional global indices and the importance of inclusion, innovation, and federal cooperation. The GST Council model was cited as a promising co-regulatory framework. Balancing data protection with entrepreneurial freedom, avoiding one-size-fits-all regulation, and ensuring digital equity were key takeaways. The summit called for pre-screening mechanisms and inclusive policymaking to build a resilient legal and economic architecture for a Viksit Bharat.
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The next phase of the 100th SKOCH Summit focuses on how inclusive growth influences government efficiency and digital economy regulation. Enhancing government efficiency can free up fiscal and operational resources, reducing waste and lowering tax burdens while supporting social initiatives. Regulatory frameworks need to evolve to understand the diverse nature of digital services—such as gaming—and apply differentiated tax treatments based on societal impact. Expanding the GST net to include more services like registrations and energy can increase revenue without raising rates, helping fund digital and social infrastructure. These discussions set the stage for the summit’s grand finale on Law and Economy, which will address the legal frameworks required to implement these policy reforms. The goal is to align legal systems with India's inclusive and sustainable growth objectives. Insights from this phase are crucial for shaping forward-looking governance and economic policies.
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Over the past two decades, the SKOCH Summits have been more than just gatherings—they have been milestones in India’s journey toward inclusive growth, economic empowerment, and social transformation.
Now, as we reach our 100th milestone, we reflect on the transformative changes shaped by the voices of millions and look toward the future with renewed hope.
From Financial Inclusion to AI-driven Innovation, from Humanistic Governance to addressing the Cobra Effect of Tax Interpretations, the 100th is not just a meeting of minds—it is a roadmap for the India we are building together.
Whether amplifying the Voice of the Global South, creating Ease of Self-Employment or ensuring Climate Action without Hidden Agendas, this is the moment to unite for a stronger, more inclusive future.
Join us from 30th November 2024 to 25th March 2025 as we bring together lessons from the past 99 SKOCH Summits and set the stage for an India where innovation, justice, and equitable opportunity go hand in hand for all.
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The 99th SKOCH Summit focused on emerging trends shaping India's economic intelligence and development strategy. Discussions on Digital Financial Intelligence and Money Laundering explored how digital ecosystems can be leveraged to detect and prevent illicit financial flows, calling for stronger data analytics and regulatory frameworks. The session on Harmonising Digital Transformation and ESG highlighted the need to integrate environmental, social, and governance goals into digital growth strategies to ensure sustainable development. Financial Deepening Indicators for India examined access to credit, insurance, and investment instruments, emphasizing inclusive financial participation. Lastly, the summit underscored the role of Economic Markers and Development Dashboards in real-time policy-making, calling for more granular, dynamic data to track progress and inform decisions. Together, these themes outlined a roadmap for smarter, more accountable, and inclusive economic governance in a digital age.
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The 98th SKOCH Summit centred on building robust indices to guide and measure India’s journey toward Viksit Bharat (Developed India). A key focus was on developing Indices for Viksit Bharat that reflect local realities while aligning with global standards. The role of Corporate Digital Responsibility (CDR) was explored, advocating ethical digital practices by businesses. Experts discussed the Harmonisation of CDR, SDGs, ESG, CSR, Human Rights, and AI, emphasizing an integrated responsibility framework. The session on Narrative for Viksit Bharat aimed to craft a compelling vision rooted in India’s strengths. Indian Indices for Global Use highlighted the potential of indigenous frameworks influencing international policy. Topics like The Responsibility of Gaming and Digital Mental Health raised awareness of emerging societal impacts. Finally, a Responsibility Framework for Data & AI was proposed to ensure ethical and inclusive technological development, supporting India’s long-term developmental aspirations.
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97th SKOCH Summit
India Involved
Measuring Commitment to Developed India
The 97th SKOCH Summit focused on assessing India’s active participation in its journey toward becoming a developed nation. The Inaugural Session set the tone by highlighting the role of inclusive participation in national development. Discussions on the Comprehensive Economic Impact of Cloud showcased how cloud technology is driving digital transformation and contributing to GDP growth. The summit also examined how to ESG Faster & Better, emphasizing actionable strategies for integrating environmental, social, and governance goals into business models. Sessions like ESG & IT – Joined at the Hip demonstrated how technology can accelerate ESG compliance and reporting. The Digital Dimension of Indian Growth highlighted the critical role of digital infrastructure and innovation in India's economic progress. Finally, Why CFOs Care About ESG explored the financial imperatives behind sustainability, underlining how ESG performance is increasingly tied to long-term profitability and investor confidence.
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The 96th SKOCH Summit – Public Policy for India 2047 brings together policymakers, economists, and industry leaders to chart India’s long-term development vision. The sessions explore the evolution of public policy as a science, the manufacturing and hardware revival, and India’s leadership in AI innovation for global impact. Discussions emphasize empowering MSMEs, deepening and securing markets, and promoting financial literacy as key levers of inclusive growth. The summit also revisits India’s journey toward AatmaNirbhar Bharat, highlighting reforms that blend self-reliance with global competitiveness. Collectively, the panels outline a roadmap for a resilient, data-driven, and equitable India by 2047.
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The 95th SKOCH Summit – State of Inclusive Growth examines India’s progress toward equitable, sustainable, and broad-based development under the vision of Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, Sabka Prayas, Sabka Vishwas. The sessions assess the evolution of inclusive governance since 2014, evaluating how reforms in welfare, infrastructure, and digital delivery have shaped outcomes for citizens. Discussions revisit the ModiNomics model to gauge its impact on jobs, equity, and social democracy while identifying areas for renewed focus. Panels explore the next frontier beyond universal financial access—ensuring credit translates into livelihoods, productivity, and poverty reduction. The summit also addresses how financial deepening, MSME support, and competitive markets can sustain growth, balance costs, and extend inclusion to every corner of India. Together, the dialogues outline a roadmap for achieving India’s vision of high-income, inclusive growth by 2047.
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India’s brightest legal luminaries, practitioners and experts from the field of Justice, Law and Policy are coming together to adorn the 2nd edition of SKOCH India Law Forum on 26th August 2023 at New Delhi. SKOCH India Law Forum is the only platform that deliberates and returns actionable recommendations on the burning issues of its times.
The Forum features India Law Awards independently instituted by SKOCH Group. This year SKOCH India Law Forum Lifetime Achievement Award is conferred on Justice Chittatosh Mookerjee, Former Chief Justice, Calcutta High Court. Additionally, eminent Judges and Lawyers are conferred SKOCH Award for Service to Justice and Service to Law respectively.
Justice M N Venkatachaliah, Former Chief Justice of India received the SKOCH Lifetime Achievement Award, 2022. A festschrift in his honour edited by Bibek Debroy and Sameer Kochhar entitled At the Intersection of Law & Life: Essays in Honour of Justice M N Venkatachaliah will be unveiled during SKOCH India law Forum.
A discussion on the book will follow the release.
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The 93rd SKOCH Summit – State of Governance “India 2047” focuses on how India’s governance model is evolving to meet the nation’s centenary goals of growth, equity, and sustainability. The sessions examine how states, districts, and municipalities are translating reforms into measurable outcomes and citizen-centric governance. Discussions highlight innovations in digital delivery, infrastructure, and administrative efficiency that are driving inclusive development. The summit showcases how good governance at every level—state, district, and municipal—is laying the foundation for a prosperous and self-reliant India by 2047.
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The 92nd SKOCH Summit—India Economic Forum, themed "India 2047: High Income with Equity," brought together leading economists, policy analysts, and industry experts. The discussions centered on charting India's socio-economic trajectory towards becoming a high-income nation by 2047 while ensuring equitable growth. Highlights included the ceremonial release and comprehensive discussion of the book India 2047 - High Income with Equity by Sameer Kochhar. The summit also featured deliberations on BFSI, FinTech, and PSU sectors, recognizing their crucial role in India's developmental goals and financial inclusion. Key speakers included members of the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister and former senior government officials.
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The 91st SKOCH Summit, themed "State of Governance," on May 4, 2023, was a platform for showcasing and deliberating on innovations in public sector service delivery. The key panel discussions focused intensely on cutting-edge governance practices across crucial sectors. These included a session on Innovations in Education and Skill Development, which featured officials from Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Kerala, and Uttarakhand discussing modernization and training. A dedicated panel on Innovations in Finance highlighted advancements in state tax and excise departments, featuring J&K and Maharashtra. Furthermore, the summit hosted in-depth discussions on Innovations in Planning and Development and Municipal Governance, showcasing best practices in urban development, smart city projects, and sustainable planning from states like Maharashtra, MP, Tripura, Ludhiana, and Tirunelveli. The entire event was structured around the presentation and recognition of over 79 projects that received the prestigious SKOCH Order-of-Merit for excellence in governance.
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The 87th SKOCH Summit, themed "State of Governance" on January 18, 2023, featured focused discussions on key areas of public administration and development. The Ease of Doing Business panel, moderated by Dr. Gursharan Dhanjal, brought together senior officials from Assam, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, and West Bengal to discuss bureaucratic and industrial reforms, particularly focusing on MSME development and handloom co-operatives. A second major panel on Innovations in Science & Technology highlighted the role of government bodies in leveraging technology for development, featuring experts from the Science and Technology Councils and Space Application Centres of Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Arunachal Pradesh, Odisha, and Assam. The summit served as a platform for acknowledging numerous state projects, which received the prestigious SKOCH Order-of-Merit recognition.
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India Governance Forum in its twentieth year, is the oldest Governance Leadership Summit. Its recommendations have had a profound policy impact across the center and state governments. It is one of the few conferences where the focus is on field research-based knowledge-rich arguments that bring felt needs to the discussion table.
We firmly believe Governance is what is received and not what was the intended delivery. Our ongoing field research and conversations across thousands of projects in a year give us a deep insight into what is working and how it can work even better.
We bring together an ecosystem of academia, industry, economists, policy experts, practitioners, and civil society. Carefully constructed panels, well-researched background notes and clearly articulated problem statements to find relevant answers and an agenda moving forward created. Honestly, there is nothing else that comes even close.
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The 80th SKOCH Summit – State of BFSI & PSUs focuses on assessing the performance, reforms, and transformation of India’s Banking, Financial Services, Insurance, and Public Sector Enterprises. The inaugural session sets the stage for a deep dive into how these sectors are driving growth, inclusion, and resilience in the national economy. Discussions on the State of PSUs highlight modernization, efficiency, and strategic realignment; State of Banks explores digital transformation, credit expansion, and financial stability; and State of Insurance examines innovation, penetration, and financial protection for all. The summit concludes with the SKOCH Award and SKOCH Order-of-Merit ceremonies, recognizing outstanding institutions that exemplify excellence and leadership in the BFSI and PSU domains.
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India Economy Forum (IEF) is India’s marquee platform that brings together foremost economists and heads of financial institutions to shape economic agendas in India. SKOCH IEF is the only independent & unbiased forum that is trusted by all stakeholders, irrespective of their affiliations and associations, which resonates with our collaborative spirit to push for positive change.
With the Indian economy on the path to recovery after COVID-induced slowdown, the importance of a resilient economic framework and ecosystem has become obvious. However, several important issues will need to be addressed and several greenfield areas developed before this vision can be realized. With that in mind, the SKOCH Group had organized the India Economic Forum from 4th Feb to 26th March, 2022. The first-of-its-kind forum brought together more than 90 high-profile luminaries from economics and finance over 11 highly engaging sessions to touch upon several burning issues with direct market and policy impact.
Five key tracks were identified with direct relevance to the growth of the economy and the vision of transforming India into a global economic powerhouse by 2025 and included “Economy”, “Markets”, “Finance”, “Sustainability” and “LITFest”. The tracks, panels and the exhaustive discussions will culminate in the Grand Finale, scheduled for 26th March, 2022, where the recommendations from all the tracks on spatially dispersed, job generative & equitable growth will be presented to the top decision makers and leaders from economy and finance.
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The 78th SKOCH Summit – State of Governance brings together leaders and practitioners to assess how governance reforms are shaping development across India. The sessions review the performance of districts and states, with focused discussions on progress in energy, transport, and overall development outcomes. The summit highlights innovations, administrative improvements, and sectoral achievements that are strengthening governance at multiple levels. It culminates with the SKOCH Award and SKOCH Order-of-Merit, recognising outstanding projects and institutions driving effective, citizen-centric governance nationwide.
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Cryptocurrencies are here to stay in different forms whether as floating currencies or Stablecoins- which are pegged to actual currencies or Digital coins issued by Central Banks. The rapid adoption of cryptocurrencies has also led to them being recognised as legal tender by countries like El Salvador.
There are questions on how cryptocurrencies can function like fiat currencies because of the wildly fluctuating nature of their value. However, The technological backbone on which cryptocurrencies function can be the foundation of transforming large-scale payments. An example of this can be when Hong Kong, China, Thailand and the UAE, together with the Bank for International Settlements’ Innovation Hub, carried out cross-border transactions with their central bank digital currencies, on an experimental basis. The transaction took seconds, instead of days, as with the conventional method of transferring payments via Swift. This shows that with the efficient implementation of Blockchain the nature and scale of large international transactions can be transformed.
The distributed ledger which underlies the blockchain technology is useful for supporting smart contracts which means that predetermined actions can be executed when payments are concluded on the blockchain. While the potential of this technology is huge, There are also underlying issues such as huge power consumption when compared to traditional forms of payments.
The policymakers have to come to terms with this new form of currency and dedicated awareness campaigns must be run to inform investors about the legitimate and illegitimate ways in which cryptocurrencies can be used. If the adoption of these currencies goes on unchecked it can undermine the stability of National Currencies and make it difficult for the Central Banks to implement Monetary policy effectively. The upcoming economic models will integrate Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain from the outset and it will have a definite impact on National Economies and their GDP.
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The 75th SKOCH Summit – State of Governance brings together leaders and practitioners to assess how governance reforms are shaping development across India. The sessions review the performance of districts and states, with focused discussions on progress in energy, transport, and overall development outcomes. The summit highlights innovations, administrative improvements, and sectoral achievements that are strengthening governance at multiple levels. It culminates with the SKOCH Award and SKOCH Order-of-Merit, recognising outstanding projects and institutions driving effective, citizen-centric governance nationwide.
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It was in 2016, we published the book "Modi's Odyssey: Digital India, Developed India: which was a combined vision and wisdom of domain experts drawn from the government and the private sector. This book laid out the digital roadmap for India between 2016-19, This vision has enriched most of the national flagship projects through the recommendations in this book.
We are now working on our next edited book entitled 'The Digital State - Highway to AatmaNirbhar Growth' that takes stock of the journey and lays out the roadmap for the next phase of the digital journey of India to a SIO trillion economy with an AatmaNirbhar Growth defined by us as job generative, spatially dispersed, equitable and sustainable growth that would avoid the middle income trap for India.
The book would be a collection of essays by sectoral experts that lay out the digital roadmap in their respective areas. We believe that the AatmaNirbhar Bharat Programme as envisioned by Prime Minister Modi would yield AatmaNirbhar Growth. This is the essence of "The Digital State."
72nd SKOCH Summit with the underlying theme of "The Digital States" kick starts this thinking process, lays out initial thoughts of various stakeholders and initiatives a participative dialogue on how Digital India would now pan out to show a solid impact on Inclusive Growth from 2021 to 2025.
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AatmaNirbhar Bharat is a far-reaching programme not only for making India self-reliant but also to put it on a higher growth trajectory This growth we describe as AatmaNirbhar Growth has to be spatially dispersed, job generative and equitable. This then would ensure a 'V' shaped recovery post-COVID and not a 'K' shaped one that has a few stakeholders concerned. India Economic Forum would return actionable recommendations.
AatmaNirbhar Bharat is a far-reaching programme as envisioned by the Hon'ble Prime Minister and we believe that it would logically lead to AatmaNirbhar Growth.
India Economic Forum, this year focuses on this and through consultations with all relevant stakeholders provide a road map and recommendations that would chart this path. The key challenges would be increasing consumption, handling debt situation, getting more private investment as merely government spending may not suffice to generate employment, focus on finding resources to fund infrastructure development and finally doing all this while not losing sight of Environment, Sustainability and Governance.
Being organised soon 20 days after the Union Budget, the idea is to crystallise ways in which the budget can be translated into AatmaNirbhar Growth.
Last year too, the Forum had returned several recommendations. These were published as special issue of INCLUSION magazine and are also available online at: https://inclusion.in/category/inclusion/road-to-recovery/
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Self-reliance is a survival imperative. for has several dimensions. For MSMEs it means the twin objectives Of producing for local consumption and also producing for exports. For Hi-Tech it is a question of national security as well as global leadership. In a world dominated by big-tech. India has to lead and not be digitally colonised- The wireframe of governance needs to be strengthened at all three levels of center, state and local bodies.
This is imperative for pushing the Atmanirbhar agenda as policy. implementation. finances and success are all dependent on governance. Keeping this in mind, the 65th SKOCH Summit tries to show the path towards the light at the end Of the tunnel.
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This forum, part of the 64th SKOCH Summit in April 2020, specifically addressed the severe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing nationwide lockdown on India's Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The objective was to assess the immediate challenges faced by the sector and explore potential relief measures and survival strategies.
Discussions focused on the acute disruptions faced by MSMEs, including supply chain breakdowns, labor shortages, liquidity crunches, order cancellations, and the inability to meet fixed costs during the lockdown. The forum likely explored the effectiveness of initial government relief packages, debated the need for further financial assistance (like credit guarantees, loan moratoriums), and discussed strategies for business continuity, digital adoption, and accessing available support schemes. Voices from MSME owners and industry associations were central to understanding the ground realities.
This forum highlighted the critical economic dimension of the COVID-19 crisis, focusing on a sector vital to India's employment and growth. It underscored SKOCH's focus on inclusive economic policy, bringing the specific vulnerabilities and needs of MSMEs into the national discourse to advocate for targeted interventions and support mechanisms during an unprecedented economic shock.
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The 63rd SKOCH Summit integrated a Public Policy Forum with a Public Policy LITFest, creating a unique platform that blended rigorous policy discussions with insights from contemporary literature on governance, economics, and social issues in India. Likely held in late 2019, the summit aimed to enrich the policy discourse by incorporating perspectives from authors and their recent works.
The core Public Policy Forum segment addressed pressing national challenges, examining the effectiveness of ongoing reforms, exploring strategies for economic growth, and debating improvements in public service delivery and governance structures. Simultaneously, the LITFest component featured discussions with authors, book launches, and panels centered around influential new books relevant to these policy areas. This integration allowed for a dynamic exchange where data-driven analysis met narrative insights, and policy debates were informed by the research and perspectives presented in recent literature.
By combining these elements, the 63rd SKOCH Summit aimed to foster a more holistic understanding of India's development challenges. It underscored SKOCH's innovative approach to policy dialogue, leveraging the power of both expert analysis and compelling literature to stimulate debate and contribute to more informed public policy.
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India Economic Forum set out to reframe the growth conversation from how much we invest to how efficiently we convert investment into output. The summit argued that India must focus on lowering the ICOR (Incremental Capital–Output Ratio) and capturing higher value in global supply chains if it is to move beyond incremental gains and aim for a multi-trillion-dollar economy.
Dialogue among economists and policy leaders converged on a pragmatic outlook: growth prospects were anchored in the 6–6.5% band in the near term, but unlocking the next step requires structural reforms—from factor-market flexibility and productivity upgrades to disciplined public investment and smarter regulation. The emphasis was on outcomes over outlays: channel capital where it yields the most, compress execution lags, and hard-wire accountability.
A strong policy through-line was the health of MSMEs and the credit plumbing that sustains them. The forum spotlighted instruments like GST-based bill discounting backed by a government guarantee fund to ease working-capital stress and speed up receivables, linking everyday enterprise finance to the macro goal of durable, broad-based growth. In this telling, reforms are not abstract—they are the pipes and protocols that determine whether India’s real economy breathes freely.
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“Jai Hind: State of Governance” treated governance as an economic instrument, not just an administrative ideal. It asked how India could translate intent into outcomes by improving execution, reducing friction, and aligning public finance to citizen-level delivery. Power panels and plenaries explored state capacity, public finance, and social sector performance, positioning governance as the lever that turns reform blueprints into measurable impact.
A recurring thread was efficiency: how to optimize resources and improve ICOR-like productivity in the public sphere, so that every rupee delivers more service, more trust, and more inclusion. Discussions bridged macro and micro—linking fiscal realism with better frontline delivery in districts, cities, and line departments—so governance could be judged by what citizens actually receive, not merely by policy announcements.
The summit culminated in recognition of standout initiatives through the SKOCH Order-of-Merit and Governance Awards, reinforcing the message that excellence in governance is evidence-led and outcome-driven. In essence, the 61st SKOCH Summit reframed governance as India’s competitive advantage: agile, accountable systems that compound benefits across the economy and society.
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“Jai Hind: $5 Trillion Transformation” reframed India’s growth ambition as a design problem: how to mobilize investment at scale, hard-wire productivity, and make markets and institutions pull in the same direction. The summit’s tracks — from finding investments and policy-making for a $5 trillion economy to the climate–growth nexus — argued that the next leap requires capital deepening alongside disciplined execution and regulatory clarity.
A strong current in the discourse was economic sovereignty in the digital era: India contributes brains to the world’s tech giants, but must also own innovation and value chains at home. Speakers pressed for policies that keep strategic platforms and data within Indian hands, linking this to competitiveness, jobs, and national capacity.
Equally, the summit insisted that growth quality matters as much as growth speed. Panels called for climate-aligned industrial strategy, resilient infrastructure and finance, and reforms that lower execution gaps so every rupee yields more output. The broader message: a $5 trillion milestone is a waypoint, not the destination — the aim is a durable, inclusive trajectory toward the next orders of magnitude.
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ModiNomics 2.0 asked how India could translate ambition into durable, broad-based growth by aligning macro strategy with institutional reform. The summit’s frame connected the dots between fiscal federalism and public investment, corporate governance and market depth, and the digital rails that now underpin inclusion and productivity. It positioned macroeconomics not as spreadsheet arithmetic but as a design challenge: build institutions that lower execution gaps, crowd-in private capital, and turn policy stability into business confidence.
The program moved from principle to practice—probing financial deepening, payment-system resilience, and fintech regulation alongside sessions on cognitive/disruptive technologies and cyber security imperatives. By examining payment banks’ viability, MSME credit, and the regulatory posture towards emerging tech, it treated finance and technology as joint levers for productivity rather than separate policy lanes.
The wider takeaway was a playbook for compounding growth: reinforce governance standards, secure the digital financial backbone, and channel capital to where it multiplies output most. Recognition of innovators and lenders underscored that outcomes matter—the ecosystem advances when ideas are matched by execution and measurable impact.
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“The Inclusion Manifesto” reframed inclusion as a hard-edged governance and data problem—less about slogans and more about who is left out, why, and how to fix it. The summit advanced a practical doctrine: deliver physical and social infrastructure first; build reliable, granular data about the poor; and align programmes to measurable outcomes rather than intent. It argued that India’s predominantly informal economy complicates traditional measurement of jobs and welfare, demanding better instruments for identifying need and tracking impact.
A centrepiece was the release of the SKOCH State of Inclusion Report 2019, which connected evidence from the field to policy choices on financial access, social protection, and last-mile delivery. Discussions pressed for decentralised beneficiary identification (SECC-like approaches) over top-down surveys, so subsidies and services reach the right households with fewer leakages. The message was clear: inclusion must be engineered through data fidelity, local accountability, and infrastructure that expands real capabilities.
Beyond debate, the summit recognized on-ground exemplars through the SKOCH Order-of-Merit/Awards, underscoring that credible inclusion is verified in execution—not announcements. By tying research, reform, and recognition together, “The Inclusion Manifesto” set a high bar: make inclusion the operating system of governance, where programs are designed, targeted, and audited to deliver dignity and opportunity at scale.
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“The Economic Manifesto” reframed India’s growth debate around felt needs: not abstract targets, but the everyday economic issues that touch households and enterprises. The summit argued that manifestos must speak plainly to jobs, prices, credit, and services—and be audited against outcomes, not promises. It set a discussion framework that anchored policy ideas in lived reality, treating economic messaging as a contract with citizens.
Deliberations pressed for reforms that convert intent into measurable prosperity: faster credit and payments for MSMEs, smarter regulation that lowers compliance friction, and public investment that multiplies productivity rather than just outlays. The program’s “power panel” format stressed accountability and delivery, urging political and administrative leaders to hard-wire execution into manifesto design.
Recognition at the summit highlighted what “good” looks like in practice—initiatives improving ease of doing business and institutional responsiveness—reinforcing the message that credible manifestos are verified on the ground. In spirit and substance, the Economic Manifesto located growth where it matters most: in outcomes citizens can feel, measure, and trust.
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“The Fifth Year” took stock of governance at the close of a political cycle, asking how promises translate into public outcomes and, ultimately, into a renewed mandate. The summit framed the moment as a stress test for India’s institutions: did flagship reforms deepen inclusion and efficiency, and where did delivery fall short? Its opening conversations explicitly explored “Translating Governance to Mandate,” setting the tone for an evidence-led appraisal of achievements and gaps.
Panels on “Undercurrents in Participatory Democracy” brought voices from policy, media, and civil society to interrogate what citizens actually received versus what was intended. The debate probed electoral accountability, program execution, and whether institutional design kept pace with the scale of reforms—treating participation not as optics, but as the mechanism that turns governance into legitimacy.
Keynotes and dialogues connected macro vision with ground realities—linking infrastructure push, administrative reform, and sectoral performance to felt improvements in daily life. The summit’s through-line was clear: durable mandates emerge when systems deliver measurable value, and when governance is judged by outcomes that citizens can see, use, and trust. In that sense, “The Fifth Year” was both a report card and a blueprint for compounding gains in the years ahead.
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State of Inclusion asked a simple, consequential question: who is still outside India’s growth story—and why? The summit reframed inclusion as a design problem for policy and delivery, pushing beyond intent to examine whether public programmes, financial systems, and local institutions are actually reaching the last mile. It set out a pragmatic inclusion agenda grounded in evidence, field learning, and outcomes, convening policy thinkers, administrators, bankers, and civil society to align on what works and what must change.
Deliberations cut across financial access, social protection, and capability-building, spotlighting models that translate entitlement into usable service—timely credit for small producers, skilling that leads to employability, and local governance that closes leakages. Recognition at the summit reinforced this ethos, highlighting initiatives that demonstrably improved lives rather than merely expanding paperwork—an insistence that inclusion be measured by delivery, not declarations.
In spirit and practice, the summit argued that inclusion is the operating system of good governance. It called for course-corrections in both policy and implementation, better data about the excluded, and accountability loops that keep citizen outcomes at the centre. By doing so, State of Inclusion positioned inclusion not as an afterthought to growth, but as the engine that makes growth resilient, equitable, and real.
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“Jai Hind | Journey Continues – INDIA 2030” looked beyond celebration to chart a citizen-centred roadmap for a New India. It asked how India could translate reform gains into a purposeful march toward 2030—where inclusion, youth energy, and institutional trust become the flywheels of growth. The summit framed the moment as both stock-taking and agenda-setting, reflecting on reforms that lifted millions from poverty while inviting a fresh dialogue on the next horizon.
The programme’s Jai Hind keynotes pressed for practical pathways to a multi-trillion-dollar economy: mobilising investment, deepening digital public infrastructure, and aligning markets with national capability. Sessions and talks explored a “digital path to India 2030,” linking platforms and data to productivity, competitiveness, and jobs.
More than a commemorative milestone, the 50th summit positioned 2030 as a test of execution: can India compound reform into everyday outcomes that citizens feel? By tying ambition to delivery—through policy coherence, digital rails, and accountable institutions—it set the tone for the decade ahead: growth that is inclusive in design and measurable in effect.
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“Potential Unleashed” examined how India could convert a series of big policy moves into broad-based prosperity. The summit’s canvas spanned GST’s growth potential, MUDRA and job creation, demonetisation and macro stability, and the push for rural revival, infrastructure, and service digitisation—treating each not as isolated reforms but as parts of a single productivity story. It asked a pointed question: what unlocks potential faster—new policies or better execution architectures that carry them to the last mile?
A defining thread was the role of technology and data in compounding gains. Tracks on a Smart Technologies Convention (data analytics, artificial intelligence) and a Smart Security Convention (future-ready security, ransomware/malware response) positioned digital capability and cyber hygiene as prerequisites for efficient markets and trustworthy governance. The programme also probed how to unlock PSU value, arguing that stronger balance sheets and governance can catalyse investment and accelerate public outcomes.
In essence, the 49th summit offered a practical playbook: pair structural reforms with digitised delivery, resilient security, and institutional accountability to translate ambition into measurable growth. By framing policy, technology, and governance as a single engine, “Potential Unleashed” turned a reform moment into an execution mandate—so the economy’s potential becomes performance citizens can see and feel.
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“India 2022” set an unambiguous agenda: convert a decade of digital momentum into everyday economic value. The summit brought together policy leaders, technologists, and market practitioners to probe how digital cities and digital states could become platforms for growth—where data, service delivery, and citizen experience are designed as one system rather than siloed programs. It treated digital public infrastructure as the scaffolding for competitiveness, not just convenience.
A core thread was the financial system’s next frontier. Through Thought Leadership: Financial Technology 2022 and From Digital Payments to Digital Economy, the programme examined how payments rails, fintech ecosystems, and risk frameworks can deepen inclusion while strengthening market integrity. The message was practical: move beyond pilots to scale, and pair innovation with risk appreciation and decision-making so finance stays both open and safe.
Equally, the summit anchored digital ambition in Smart City & Swachh Bharat delivery and Digitisation & Cyber Security—arguing that urban services, cleanliness missions, and secure networks are the places where citizens actually “meet” the state. By tying policy to platforms and platforms to lived outcomes, “India 2022” reframed digital transformation as nation-building by design.
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“One Generation Change” framed reform as a promise measurable in a single lifetime: defeat poverty, formalise the economy, and compound opportunity through institutions that work. The summit connected the big levers—demonetisation and a less-cash economy, digital banking & insurance, universal health assurance, learning revolution, MSME reboot, and urban governance reform—into one productivity narrative: policy must travel through technology and institutions to become prosperity.
Rather than treating sectors in silos, the programme argued for a whole-of-economy design. Financial rails and digital identity needed to meet welfare delivery; land, labour and credit reforms had to unlock job-generative, sustainable growth; and city planning and implementation had to translate ambition into everyday services. The emphasis was on execution architectures—the pipes, standards, and accountability loops that turn intent into outcomes.
In spirit, the summit served as a blueprint and a benchmark: if reforms are to deliver within a generation, they must be coherent, citizen-centred, and evidence-audited. By weaving macro vision with delivery detail—from universal basic income debates to food security and sustainable agriculture—ModiNomics was presented not as a slogan, but as a systems agenda for inclusive, durable change.
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“Smart Technologies, Sustainable Growth” explored how technology becomes a multiplier only when it is embedded in institutions, markets, and everyday delivery. The summit treated digital rails—identity, payments, data platforms—as public infrastructure that can compress transaction costs, expand access, and create new productivity frontiers for citizens and enterprises alike. It argued that technology is not a parallel track to development, but the wiring that makes development systemic and scalable.
Discussions connected smart with sustainable: energy and utilities modernization, insurance and financial services, and urban management were examined through the lens of tech-enabled efficiency, resilience, and responsible growth. Rather than celebrating gadgets, the focus stayed on operating models—how to institutionalize standards, interoperability, and accountability so that digital tools translate into measurable outcomes.
The core message was pragmatic and forward-looking: sustainable growth demands more than adoption; it requires governance that can absorb technology, regulate prudently, and keep citizens at the centre. By turning marquee technologies into everyday public value, the 46th SKOCH Summit advanced a playbook for compounding inclusion and competitiveness together.